PsychoFish
New member
Ok, seems like there is some confusion as to what is what in respects to Network adapters and their settings (and what these settings actually do)
MTU (maximum transmission unit) - Is the size of of the largest protocol data unit that the layer can pass onwards
Protocol Data Unit - Generally this is the TCP packet
TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) - TCP provides reliable, ordered, and error-checked delivery of a stream of octets (data) between applications running on hosts communicating over an IP network
IP (Internet Protocol) - IP has the task of delivering packets from the source host to the destination host solely based on the IP addresses in the packet headers
Header - data placed at the beginning of a block of data being transmitted
Your basic TCP/IP header will contain the following information :
- version, that specifies if it's an IPv4 or IPv6 packet
- Internet Header Length, which is the length of the header
- Type of Service, also referred to as Quality of Service (QoS), which describes what priority the packet should have
- length of the packet in bytes (MTU size)
- identification tag to help reconstruct the packet from several fragments
- Followed by 3 bits. The first contains a zero, followed by a flag that says whether the packet is allowed to be fragmented or not (DF: Don't fragment), and a flag to state whether more fragments of a packet follow (MF: More Fragments)
- fragment offset, a field to identify position of fragment within original packet
- Time to live (TTL), which is the number of hops (router, computer or device along a network) the packet is allowed to pass before it dies
- protocol (TCP, UDP, ICMP, etc.)
- Header Checksum, a number used in error detection
- source IP address
- destination address
Now if you're wondering where you get the destination IP if you're going to say www.mygaming.co.za, you will get that from a DNS (Domain Naming System) server which (in the most simple of terms) keeps records of names and the IP address associated with these names . DNS servers also keep track of other DNS servers. Most commonly your ISP will assign a DNS server to you in one way or another. Their DNS server will keep track of the domains/domain names they own/manage and records of other DNS servers. So if you're asking your ISP's DNS server "What is the IP of www.mygaming.co.za?" it might not know, but it will ask another DNS server, etc until a server comes back with an answer.
Some terms that are thrown about:
Jumbo Frames - This is when the MTU is set to a value higher than the default of 1500 bytes, which means that the packet travelling out of your NIC can contain a bigger payload (data). Most NICs will support a maximum MTU of around 9014.
Flow Control - This is used to ease congestion by stopping either sending or receiving of data while packets are being processed.
TCP offload engine or TOE - technology used in network interface cards (NIC) to offload processing of the entire TCP/IP stack to the network controller. It is primarily used with high-speed network interfaces, such as gigabit Ethernet and 10 Gigabit Ethernet, where processing overhead of the network stack becomes significant. In simple terms, it takes load off your CPU and lets your NIC do it's thing.
Ok, i'm spent for now...will take questions, and will provide answers as soon as possible.
MTU (maximum transmission unit) - Is the size of of the largest protocol data unit that the layer can pass onwards
Protocol Data Unit - Generally this is the TCP packet
TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) - TCP provides reliable, ordered, and error-checked delivery of a stream of octets (data) between applications running on hosts communicating over an IP network
IP (Internet Protocol) - IP has the task of delivering packets from the source host to the destination host solely based on the IP addresses in the packet headers
Header - data placed at the beginning of a block of data being transmitted
Your basic TCP/IP header will contain the following information :
- version, that specifies if it's an IPv4 or IPv6 packet
- Internet Header Length, which is the length of the header
- Type of Service, also referred to as Quality of Service (QoS), which describes what priority the packet should have
- length of the packet in bytes (MTU size)
- identification tag to help reconstruct the packet from several fragments
- Followed by 3 bits. The first contains a zero, followed by a flag that says whether the packet is allowed to be fragmented or not (DF: Don't fragment), and a flag to state whether more fragments of a packet follow (MF: More Fragments)
- fragment offset, a field to identify position of fragment within original packet
- Time to live (TTL), which is the number of hops (router, computer or device along a network) the packet is allowed to pass before it dies
- protocol (TCP, UDP, ICMP, etc.)
- Header Checksum, a number used in error detection
- source IP address
- destination address
Now if you're wondering where you get the destination IP if you're going to say www.mygaming.co.za, you will get that from a DNS (Domain Naming System) server which (in the most simple of terms) keeps records of names and the IP address associated with these names . DNS servers also keep track of other DNS servers. Most commonly your ISP will assign a DNS server to you in one way or another. Their DNS server will keep track of the domains/domain names they own/manage and records of other DNS servers. So if you're asking your ISP's DNS server "What is the IP of www.mygaming.co.za?" it might not know, but it will ask another DNS server, etc until a server comes back with an answer.
Some terms that are thrown about:
Jumbo Frames - This is when the MTU is set to a value higher than the default of 1500 bytes, which means that the packet travelling out of your NIC can contain a bigger payload (data). Most NICs will support a maximum MTU of around 9014.
Flow Control - This is used to ease congestion by stopping either sending or receiving of data while packets are being processed.
TCP offload engine or TOE - technology used in network interface cards (NIC) to offload processing of the entire TCP/IP stack to the network controller. It is primarily used with high-speed network interfaces, such as gigabit Ethernet and 10 Gigabit Ethernet, where processing overhead of the network stack becomes significant. In simple terms, it takes load off your CPU and lets your NIC do it's thing.
Ok, i'm spent for now...will take questions, and will provide answers as soon as possible.
have yet to come across 60ghz., as well as me believing that ac was the newest step, not ad. oh well, learn something new everyday 
.